Location: Spain is a country located in southwestern Europe, occupying the majority of the Iberian Peninsula.

Population: Spain is home to over 47 million people.

Capital City: The capital city of Spain is Madrid.

Official Language: The official language of Spain is Spanish (also known as Castilian).

Government: Spain is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. It has a King (or Queen) as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of government. The government is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.

Literacy: Spain has a high literacy rate, with nearly 98% of the population being able to read and write.

National Symbols:

• National Flag: The flag of Spain consists of three horizontal stripes of red, yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms on the left side of the yellow stripe.
• National Anthem: The national anthem of Spain is called "Marcha Real" (Royal March).

• National Animal: The bull is often associated with Spain and is considered a national symbol.
• National Color: Red and yellow are the colors associated with Spain, as they are featured on the national flag.

Religion: The majority of the population in Spain identifies as Roman Catholic. However, Spain is a secular state, and there is religious freedom, with small communities of Muslims, Protestants, and other faiths.

Currency: The currency used in Spain is the Euro (EUR).

Geography:

• Spain has diverse geography, including mountains, plains, and coastlines along the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Bay of Biscay.
• It is known for landmarks such as the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, the Alhambra in Granada, and the Plaza Mayor in Madrid.
• Spain is located in southwestern Europe, occupying the majority of the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered by Portugal to the west, France to the northeast, and Andorra and Gibraltar to the south.
• Spain also has several island territories in the Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands) and the Atlantic Ocean (Canary Islands).

Wildlife:

• Spain is home to a variety of wildlife, including bears, wolves, lynxes, and birds like eagles and flamingos.
• The country has several national parks and nature reserves to protect its natural habitats.
• Spain has diverse wildlife due to its varied landscapes, including mountains, forests, and coastal areas.
• Some notable species include the Iberian lynx, Spanish ibex, brown bear, and various bird species such as eagles and vultures.

Climate:

• Spain has a diverse climate, ranging from Mediterranean in the south to oceanic and continental in the interior regions.
• Summers are typically hot and dry, while winters are mild in coastal areas and colder in the interior and mountainous regions.

History:

• Ancient Civilization: Spain has a rich history dating back to ancient times, with settlements by the Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Moors, and Visigoths.
• Moorish Rule: Spain was ruled by the Moors (Muslims from North Africa) for centuries, leaving behind a lasting influence on architecture, culture, and cuisine.
• Spanish Empire: Spain was a major colonial power in the 16th and 17th centuries, with territories in the Americas, Asia, and Africa.
• It was a significant colonial power during the Age of Discovery, with territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia.
• In modern times, Spain experienced a civil war in the 1930s and transitioned to democracy following the death of dictator Francisco Franco in 1975.

Culture:

• Spanish culture is vibrant and colorful, with a rich tradition of art, music, dance, and festivals.

• Food: Spanish cuisine is famous worldwide, with dishes like paella, tapas, gazpacho, and churros with chocolate.
• Spanish culture is diverse and influenced by its history, geography, and regional traditions. It is known for its art, literature, music, dance, and cuisine.
• Flamenco music and dance, bullfighting, and festivals such as La Tomatina and Semana Santa are iconic elements of Spanish culture.

National Park: Spain has several national parks and protected areas, including Picos de Europa National Park, Teide National Park, and Doñana National Park, which are known for their stunning natural landscapes, biodiversity, and outdoor recreational opportunities.

National Games: Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Spain, with a passionate fan base and successful professional leagues like La Liga. Other popular sports include basketball, tennis, and bullfighting.

Festivals: Spain is known for its vibrant and colorful festivals celebrated throughout the year. Some of the most famous festivals include La Tomatina (tomato throwing festival), Feria de Abril (April Fair), San Fermín (running of the bulls), and Semana Santa (Holy Week).

Transportation: Spain has a well-developed transportation network, including high-speed trains (AVE), highways, ports, and airports. Major cities like Madrid and Barcelona have efficient public transit systems, including metro and bus services.

Multiculturalism: Spain has a diverse population with people from various ethnic and cultural backgrounds, including immigrants from Latin America, North Africa, and other parts of Europe. Spanish society values cultural diversity and tolerance.

Inventions: Spain has made significant contributions to various fields throughout history, including art, literature, architecture, and science. Some notable Spanish inventions include the modern printing press (by Johannes Gutenberg), the electric guitar (by Andrés Segovia), and the mop and bucket (by Manuel Jalón Corominas). Additionally, Spanish scientists and engineers have made advancements in fields such as renewable energy, medicine, and aerospace technology.